Psychosis Explained

What is psychosis?

What is psychosis?

Psychosis is a set of symptoms that can change how someone thinks and experiences the world. These are sometimes called extraordinary experiences.

Extraordinary experiences are rarely shared by the people around the person having them. But even though others can't see or hear them, they are very real for the person experiencing them.

On the next few pages, you'll learn what kinds of changes you might notice, common myths worth setting aside, and why early support matters. Take your time — there's no rush.

What it can look like

Tap any card to see examples. Psychosis can show up in different ways — most people only experience some of these, not all.

Unusual Thoughts & Beliefs

Beliefs that stick even when there's clear evidence they're not true. Sometimes called delusions or paranoia.

Examples
  • A belief that others can read their mind
  • A belief that things in the environment have special meaning or hidden messages
  • A belief that someone or something is trying to harm them

Perceptual & Sensory Changes

Sensory experiences that aren't triggered by what's actually in the environment. Also known as hallucinations.

Examples
  • Seeing or hearing things that others do not
  • Uncertainty about whether experiences are real
  • Feeling things under the skin that aren't there

Disorganized Behavior

Actions that are out of the ordinary or don't match the setting they're in.

Examples
  • Wearing clothes that don't match the weather
  • Rearranging the furniture at 3 a.m. for no specific reason
  • Starting to make a meal, then walking away partway through

Functional Changes

Changes in school, work, sleep, hygiene, or how someone keeps up with daily life.

Examples
  • A decline in grades
  • Withdrawing from family or friends
  • Not showering or brushing teeth regularly
  • Slowed processing speed
  • Getting overwhelmed easily

Myth vs. fact

There's a lot of misinformation about psychosis in our society. Tap each card to flip it and see what the research actually says.

Myth

Experiencing psychosis means I have schizophrenia.

Click to reveal
Myth "Experiencing psychosis means I have schizophrenia."
Fact

There are many reasons someone experiences a first episode of psychosis. Engaging in treatment improves outcomes.

Myth

Experiencing psychosis means life will change dramatically.

Click to reveal
Myth "Experiencing psychosis means life will change dramatically."
Fact

Recovery is possible and a full, meaningful life is possible. Not everyone who experiences a first episode goes on to have a second.

Myth

People experiencing psychosis are dangerous.

Click to reveal
Myth "People experiencing psychosis are dangerous."
Fact

The media paints a very different picture. While having a safety plan is important, people experiencing psychosis are not more dangerous than anyone else.

Myth

Psychosis is rare.

Click to reveal
Myth "Psychosis is rare."
Fact

About 3 in 100 people experience psychosis at some point in their lives.

Myth

Psychosis and a split personality are the same thing.

Click to reveal
Myth "Psychosis and a split personality are the same thing."
Fact

Psychosis does not lead to a split personality. They are entirely different experiences.

Have you ever woken up in the middle of the night convinced the noise you heard was a burglar, and couldn't get back to sleep until you checked all the doors? Unlike a first episode of psychosis, that kind of experience doesn't typically affect daily life — but it gives a small sense of the intensity and feeling psychosis can carry.

Positive vs. negative symptoms

In a first-episode program, you might hear providers talk about positive and negative symptoms. These words don't mean "good" or "bad" — they describe direction.

Positive symptoms
Things added to a person's reality
Hallucinations, paranoia, delusions, disorganized behavior.
Negative symptoms
Things taken away from baseline
A change from how someone usually functions or behaves.

Examples of negative symptoms

These aren't usually the first thing people think of when they hear "psychosis," and they overlap with other mental health experiences. They can be hard to address without support.

Trouble with work or school
Lack of motivation
Apathy and disinterest
Difficulty with hygiene tasks
Decreased socialization
Struggle to complete housework
Difficulty expressing emotion
Struggle to feel pleasure
Slower processing
Hard time sharing thoughts and ideas

Next steps

Psychosis can be scary and full of uncertainty. It can feel like nothing will ever be the same. But that's not true. Early support makes a meaningful difference, and recovery is possible.

If any of what you read here feels familiar — for you, or for someone you love — reaching out is the next step. EASA's team can help you figure out what's going on and what support might fit.

Ready to talk with someone?

Get in touch with the Lane County EASA team. Consultations are free and confidential.

Contact EASA

Prefer to keep exploring first? Learn about Attenuated Psychosis →